黄信春 96465万字 42989人读过 连载
人在旅途野味丁烦闷的日子里总想写首诗送给你却总是静不下心于是带着你遥远的祝福踏上川流在风景线中的列车在你生活的海洋中去寻找温馨的港湾 2012年10月烦闷的一天,突然决定去离我较近的桂林、阳朔去走一走,于是,打好包,下午说走就走... 午饭后,在广东连南瑶族自治县的广场上了去连山的车,准备在那里再转车去广西贺州,那里车多好拦车。 下车后在连山一家小店买了瓶饮料,问了年轻貌美的女店主还有没有去广西贺州的车,她说还有(所有去贺州方向的车都要经过她店铺门口),她让我在她店门口等,说很快就会有车来,还给我一把椅子让坐下来等... 在等待过程中我开始找话和她聊天,得知她原来还在东莞某房地产公司做过中层管理,是个白领。我原来在深圳可是呆了18年,珠三角地区几乎跑遍了,自然向日葵色板官方有话聊了。那女孩是连山本地人,家人为了催她回家结婚,才逼她回来家乡的,小县城没有什么好工作可做,就自己开始了创业,开了一间专门卖阳江刀的小店,由于位置偏,生意不好做,加上男朋友又不顾店,喜欢打麻将,使得女孩十分苦恼,对前途感到渺茫,不知如何是好。她告诉我,在东莞追她的成功男人很多...偏偏回到家乡找了个不争气的男友。我留下了她的手机号码,想进一步和她联系,车也来了,我上了去贺州的车,准备在贺州扎营,第二天再坐车去阳朔的,可是上了车,计划全变了...因为又发生了一个故事... 车在傍晚7点多钟到了贺州车站,我在最后下车,下车后有个女孩站在大巴车门口突然问我"你下一站去哪里"?我说"我先去找个地方扎营,然后,第二天再转车去阳朔"。"那你去不黄姚古镇啊"?那女孩问我。我说"我没有打算去黄姚古镇"。我心想,你不会是拉客的吧!?她说"你可以先去黄姚古镇,然后再去阳朔啊"!我说"我没去过,不知离这里有多远,而且天黑了又没有公交车去了,打的士会很贵的"。那女孩说"我一看你上车背那个包就知道你是个资深驴友,我也是玩户外的,我家就在住在黄姚古镇附近"。我听那女孩这样一说,我立刻化解了对她警惕性,于是,我就和她聊开了... 原来那女孩是回家来参加堂弟的结婚大喜事,以前经常带驴友去她家扎营,那女孩人很热情,又在大巴车上认识一个中途在路上上车的一个来南方"漂泊游荡"的新驴,之所以说他是新驴,是因为那男孩第一次出远门玩"户外",让朋友在网上花了600元把帐篷、睡袋、背包、防潮垫全部买好了。后来,在我的指导下又重新买了个背包。后面细说。那女孩把那男孩叫过来跟我认识时,那男孩手里拖着一个行李车,到我身边一细看,行李车上拖着的是一个户外包。我见他的第一句话便是"我还没有见过拖着户外登山包玩户外的。 那男孩姓林,让向日葵色板官方叫他"小林"。我问小林去不去黄姚古镇,他说,他听我的。然后,我问了那女孩,包车去需要多少钱,问到车价格合算的话,向日葵色板官方就去,结果,问到一个顺路要回家的黄车司机,约30元一个人,于是,我们三个人就上了去黄姚古镇方向附近的私家车,那私家车为了多赚钱,又拉了二个上来,一部小车就这样挤进了5个人。在路上,我问女孩怎么称呼她,她说叫她百合书好了。在聊天过程中,既然得知百合书认识我一个深圳登协一个领队班一起参加培训的同学"风景",真是无巧不成书啊!天下如此之小。于是,我们聊得更加投缘... 晚上,向日葵色板官方到了百合家里。百合书说明天一大早天不亮就要起来带我们走山路徒步二小时去黄姚古镇逃票进去。 这个左面的女孩就是百合书,向日葵色板官方去黄姚古镇的徒步路上,还有小林... 百合书带向日葵色板官方成功逃票进了黄姚古镇后,还要忙着去找她妹妹一起赶集市采购食品回家办酒席,就交待了我回程的线路有二条,一条是坐车弯路绕道回去,还有一条就是原路徒步翻山返回。我和小林一直逛到下午就早早地徒步返回。 介绍一下小林小林家在吉林,家族做药品生意,由于不好做,生意萧条就出来到南方走走,完全没有目的性,买到广州的火车票在韶关就下火车了,去了南华寺、丹霞山后,又边走边搭车到了连州,准备往广西方向走,走在路上累了就随手拦截到了,我和百合书同坐的大巴车,我是倒数第二个中途上车的,小林是最后一个上车的。 我和小林下午从古镇回来后,上到向日葵色板官方扎营的二楼平顶上吃惊发现,我的帐篷被鞭炮炸出来5、6个小洞,仔细检查才发现都是帐篷门帘处烧坏了,不影响我的行程和野外露营,这事情我也没有告诉百合书,我是沾了她家的喜事了。 又在书家楼顶上露了一晚上,第二天一大早百合书的爸爸用摩托车拉我和小林,分两次把向日葵色板官方拉到十几公里的路边去搭车到阳朔,还把司机师傅的电话号码告诉了我,在此,我借此机会向热心的百合书和她朴实的父亲深深道个谢!感谢一天二夜在她家的吃住和热情接待... ([]
最新章节: 第521章 坦克世界 ( 2025-06-21 19:50:46)
更新时间: 2025-06-21 23:58:39
金秋十月,有幸与中国民俗摄影协会徐州分会一起去华北晋冀摄影采风行。国庆长假,对去哪里和怎么去一直是个很纠结的事情。十一长假,金秋季节,不出去吧,觉得错失好季节,出去吧,又担心车满人满,到哪里都是人挤人,人挨人,这对于不爱凑热闹的驴友影友们而言是个大忌。正巧摄影协会也在讨论此事,最后决定走一条冷门线路,来一次金秋晋冀摄影采风行,哇,好线路,二话不说,咱报名,于是乎,就“成就”了这趟旅行线路:徐州—清西陵—紫荆关长城—蔚州古城—上苏庄—空中草原—蔚县—暖泉古镇—大同—悬空寺—应县—恒山—平遥—徐州D19月30日 徐州—清西陵 9月30日晚上8:00,一行32人包了一辆大客出发了,一车的欢声笑语,一夜的辛苦旅途,于10月1日清晨到达此行的第一站——清西陵。D2 10.1清西陵—紫荆关—乌龙沟—蔚县 清西陵位于河北省易县城西15公里处永宁山下,离北京120多公里。周界约100公里,面积达800余平方公里。清西陵是清代自雍正时起四位皇帝的陵寝之地,陵内共有14座陵墓,包括雍正的泰陵、嘉庆的昌陵、道光的慕陵和光绪的崇陵。此外还有3座后陵,以及若干座公主、妃子园寝。向日葵色板官方第一个参观的是光绪的崇陵。崇陵是光绪皇帝的陵墓,也是我国最后一座帝王陵墓。光绪帝名载湉,爱新觉罗氏。其父是道光皇帝的第七子醇亲王,其母叶赫那拉氏,是慈禧太后的胞妹。同治帝病故后,由慈禧太后做主,指定继承皇位。崇陵始建于1909年,陵址名叫金龙峪。其规模虽不如雍正、嘉庆的陵墓那样庞大,没有大碑亭、石像生等建筑,但它除继承清代建陵规制,参照咸丰帝定陵、同治帝惠陵的风格外,又吸收了古代建筑技术的某些精华,仍具有它的特色。整个陵寝根据守卫和祭把的需要,建筑了五孔桥、巡房、牌楼门、神厨库、三路三孔桥、朝房、班房、隆恩门、燎炉、配殿、隆思殿、三座门、石五供、方城、明楼、宝顶和地宫。 皇家的陵寝就是不一样,入陵的牌楼门都是这么有气派。 步入牌楼门 看这汉白玉桥栏杆的“三路三孔桥”,真有天安门金水桥的范儿。 隆思殿内用的木料均为异常珍贵的铜藻、铁藻,质地坚硬无比,用这种木料制作一把普通太师椅,重量竟高达百余斤,所以隆思殿被誉为“铜梁铁柱”,且梁架之间增加了隔架料,既能托顶,又使殿内更加美观。隆思殿内的四根明柱,底部有海水江涯图案,柱身为一条金龙盘绕向上,较其它帝陵的宝相花更加富丽堂皇。 尽管非常之奢华,皇家,最终也随着流逝的时光成为了过去。。。。 后面的这座院落,便是光绪皇帝的陵寝。光绪登基时,正值清朝面临内忧外患,营造陵寝的工程不能如期破土动工,一直拖延到1908年,光绪皇帝驾崩,1909年才由宣统朝着手操办。修建期间,清朝已走向灭亡,宣统皇帝与隆裕皇太后退位,于是向中华民国政府提出要求:“德宗崇陵未完工程,如制妥修,其奉安典礼,仍如旧制,所有实用经费,均由中华民国支出。”当时,南京临时政府的议和代表及各省都督,对清室要求宽大应许。正门显然不是向日葵色板官方走的,向日葵色板官方自然是走边门进入。 光绪驾崩时,陵还未建,他的梓宫(棺椁)在故宫观德殿暂安。1909年3月,光绪的棺椁又由观德殿迁往西陵梁格庄行宫停放,一路起落,共耗银438400多两。虽然北京至西陵当时已通火车,但光绪棺椁仍用人抬。前面有卫兵开道,随后是皇帝和王公大臣,后面还有隆裕皇后、瑾贵妃等,最后是1400多辆轿车。棺椁拾至阜城门,仅十里远,就撤掉纸钱1000斤,用银260两。北京至西陵行程240华里,抬杠夫每天分为60班,每班128人,轮流抬着棺椁艰苦行进。沿途支搭三宿芦殿,耗银29000两,经过四天三夜,才把光绪的棺椁运到梁格庄行宫,安放于正殿之中。不知当时从北京至西陵行程240华里,杠夫每天分为60班,每班128人,经过四天三夜,轮流抬着棺椁是如何艰苦行进的,但从这陵寝正殿可以感受出当时的排场了。正在这高大的地宫正殿前拍摄,突然从上面跑下来一个孩子,我赶紧抓住机会咔嚓了一张,为这阴气沉重的陵寝增添了点“活气”。来此参观的人们大多是来凭吊下这段历史的,同时也通过这些看看皇家的奢靡生活。 大殿下面的地宫才是摆放灵柩的地方。 据说在光绪的棺椁正式安放崇陵地宫之际,清朝的遗老遗少还在这座帝王陵前,演出了一幕极尽愚忠的闹剧。光绪的老师梁鼎芬是比较典型的一位,他在崇陵的修建过程中,经常到工地瞻祝,为工程的修建筹款募捐。在为光绪送葬时,他由两个亲随搀扶着在陵前执绋(牵引灵枢的大绳),从行宫一直走到下宫殿。当人们将棺椁、随葬品布置妥当退出地宫后,唯有梁鼎芬疯疯癫癫地坐在地宫内预备给光绪殉葬。后被其亲随背出,才算完事。还真有为清朝皇帝自愿殉葬的忠臣哦。尽管清廷的遗臣为修建崇陵费尽心思,光绪还是没有能够在他的地下寝宫里平安地长眠下去。1931年军阀混战时期,一伙不明身份的兵匪盗掘了崇陵地宫,多数随葬品被劫走。 地宫中合葬着光绪帝和他的隆裕皇后,这是他们的棺椁,其陪葬物品自然是一无所有了。 。。。。。。。。 清西陵北依峰峦叠翠的永宁山,景态雄伟。 这里有华北地区最大的古松林,数以万计的古松、古柏把这一带装点得清秀葱郁,古朴大方。 这陵墓前还有个壁照,也是用来辟邪的吗? 为了增强排水性能,每个宫殿基部都建有2米宽的散水,明楼前和三座门前分别挖砌了御带河,地宫内凿有14个水眼与龙须沟相通。 妃子墓,妃子墓的琉璃瓦装饰就不是黄色的而是绿色的了。 这满院子里的树让这沉寂的陵墓区不显得那么阴森了。 这是珍妃的墓。清帝后妃有两位女子曾获“珍妃”这一封号,一位是道光帝珍妃赫舍里氏,另一位就是广为人知的光绪帝宠妃他他拉氏。珍妃(1876年-1900年),他他拉氏,满洲镶红旗人。清朝光绪皇帝妃子,也是最为受宠的妃子,后因获罪于慈禧而被投井杀害。而道光帝的珍妃赫舍里氏(1804-?)则卒年葬处不详。恪顺皇贵妃(1876年—1900年)他他拉氏,满洲镶红旗人,人们一般习惯按她曾获封的珍妃来称呼她。清朝光绪皇帝的侧妃,也是最为受宠的妃子,生于光绪二年二月初三为礼部左侍郎长叙之女。光绪十四年(1888年)10月初五慈禧太后选定其弟,副都统桂祥的女儿叶赫那拉氏为光绪帝之后,同时封珍妃与她的姐姐瑾妃为嫔,时瑾嫔15岁,珍嫔13岁。光绪二十年,两人同时晋封为妃。珍妃其祖父乃陕甘总督裕泰,其父长叙曾任户部右侍郎,其伯父长善乃广州将军,珍妃与其姊瑾妃自幼随长善在广州长大。珍妃10岁那年,长善卸任广州将军,她与姊姊随同北返北京。 1889年,珍妃两姊妹被入选宫中,13岁的她被封为珍嫔,15岁的姐姐封为瑾嫔,嫔为九等宫女序列中的第六等,直至光绪二十年甲午春(1894年),因慈禧太后六旬万寿加恩得晋嫔为妃,前面还有皇后、皇贵妃、贵妃三个等级。光绪26年(1900年)8月初,八国联军集结兵力进攻北京,慈禧太后挟持光绪帝慌忙出逃。[行前,命太监将幽禁于北三所寿药房中的珍妃唤出,推入位于慈宁宫后贞顺门的井中淹死。当时,珍妃年仅25岁。 瑾妃的墓光绪十四年(1888年),在光绪帝的选后大典上,瑾妃和妹妹珍妃同时入选,成为光绪皇帝的妃子,并在隔年元月行大婚礼,之后个别以瑾嫔和珍嫔的身分入宫。在入宫之后,瑾嫔住在东六宫之一的永和宫,妹妹珍妃也同样的住在同为东六宫之一的景仁宫。瑾嫔在宫中并未如妹妹珍嫔一般,获得光绪帝之宠幸,相反的,她和皇后—叶赫那拉˙静芬一般受到冷落,但瑾嫔并不以为意。六年之后,两人被晋升为瑾妃和珍妃。光绪二十年(1894年),珍妃因故得罪慈禧太后,姊姊瑾妃也受到牵连而一同被降为贵人,但在隔年两人又恢复了原本的妃子位号,但珍妃却受到了监禁,而瑾妃却依然保有自由、继续住在永和宫。光绪二十六年(1900年)七月,八国联军攻入京师,慈禧太后携宫眷出逃紫禁城,瑾妃便是其中一员。在宣统皇帝溥仪登基之后,瑾妃继续住在永和宫,并被尊为兼祧皇考瑾贵妃。在宣统逊位后,上徽号为端康皇太妃,她和溥仪的关系似乎不坏,溥仪称他为皇阿娘,每遇年节还会请她一同欢庆。溥仪退位后的次年,隆裕太后崩逝,瑾妃在四大太妃的地位中有所提高,她在四大太妃中年龄最轻,思想也较开通。民国十一年,在逊清朝廷为溥仪议婚时,瑾妃支持以婉容为皇后。瑾妃在永和宫过著很有品味的生活,时常以丹青书法自娱。在永和宫的摆设中,有着数样的瓶盘盆景、上头都镶嵌著精致出色的钟表和花鸟人物,同时她也是一位美食家,经常派人到京城附近的天福号买酱肘子供她吃早餐,由于瑾妃喜爱美食,因此永和宫里的小膳房,烹饪相当地出色,逊清的王公旧臣都爱吃她赏的饭。1923年,瑾妃五十寿辰,特邀请梅兰芳等著名京剧演员入宫演戏. 民国十三年(1924年),在和溥仪及其余逊清皇室成员欢度中秋佳节后,瑾妃受了风寒一病不起,五天后因情况恶化而死在永和宫,享年五十一岁,并以端康皇贵妃的身分,下葬于光绪帝的崇陵妃园寝。谥为温靖皇贵妃。在崇陵,还有做骑马旅游生意的,只是这么点路程,并没什么人骑马,这里的马儿就悠哉悠哉了。参观完崇陵接着去看泰陵。雍正的泰陵,居于陵区的中心位置,是清西陵中建筑最早、规模最大的一座。其余各陵则分布在东西两侧。 泰陵的神道,由三层巨砖铺成,两边苍松翠柏,上南往北分布着40多项大大小小的建筑。 ([
《东方航空》杂志社找我约临沂的组片,可巧我没有到过临沂,本想找到过临沂的影友征几张片以应杂志社编辑之约,问了几个影友也都没拍过,想想临沂离得这么近都没去过,好像有点说不过去,就想着干脆利用周末跑一趟,于是,“成就”了这次鲁地孤旅。之所以用《鲁地孤旅》这个,是当时我正在看村朗的《藏地孤旅》,这次又恰巧是独行,好友说你这次可以写篇《鲁地孤旅》的游记了,这个就这样“诞生”了,有点党的嫌疑哈。好在是游记,玩的是心情,也就不在意其他了哦。4月13日(周五)下午5:00,乘坐K1065次动身去临沂,这是一趟目前为数不多的绿皮车之一,我说买票时对票价有所诧异,3个多小时的车程票价居然只有19元,检票到了月台我才看清楚这趟车是汉口开往威海的绿皮车。按说这个季节乘坐绿皮车应该还可以,没想到气温的陡然回升让这绿皮车的温度也突然升温,呆在车厢内感觉有些燥热,站站停的短途车每每都是超员的,感觉就更热了,很久没坐过绿皮车了,这次鲁地的孤旅又“品尝”了一次绿皮车的滋味。虽然是绿皮车,但列车并没晚点,晚上810,列车正点到达临沂北站。出站后给预订的118连锁酒店栾经理打电话询问地点并兼与出租车司机砍价。临沂北站离临沂市区很远,有20多公里路程,火车站离那么远的城市还真不多,比清明节去的扬州车站还要远很多,据说临沂北站离城区比到临沂机场还远,这让人有点犯晕。正是因为如此,在火车北站打车的问上我请教栾经理,栾经理告诉我,找送站的回程车,可以砍价到10元成交。可下车后问了几个出租车司机,都是要价30元,这事有点纠结,电话里栾经理交代我,不行就再找车,一准能找到。可站在黑兮兮的车站广场上一辆一辆的找车也是个麻烦事,最后与一个司机砍价到20元,就这么着吧,总算没吃亏。乘车到了酒店,因为之前通过同程网有预约,顺利的办了入住手续,宾馆环境还不错,房间也很干净,安顿下来赶紧洗澡更衣,之后拿出打印好的相关资料做功课,安排好第二天的行程后早早休息。第一天的行程我安排的是去蒙山景区和参观平邑天宇自然博物馆。这一天的行程很紧张,为此我把闹钟定在了早晨430,清晨闹钟一响赶紧起床,收拾好要带的物品后就出门,打车去长途汽车站。打车途中就遇到大雾天气,能见度极低,非常熟悉路况的司机差点迷了路,等把我送到车站买好票坐上车,车站调度因为天气原因暂停发车,所有的班车都滞留在车站。这下好了,汽车站效仿了机场,因大雾天气,暂缓发车。无奈的旅客们只好坐在车上等。一直等到730,车站才放行。白白耽误了1个多小时,这让原本时间就不宽松的行程变的越发的紧张了,车到蒙山路口已经是900了。所好的是从蒙山路口下车后就看到一辆黑车停在路口,司机正在拉三个学生上车,学生也是第一次去蒙山,不了解情况,正犹豫间我走了过去,问司机多少钱,司机回答一人五元,按照路牌路口到蒙山景区11公里,每人5元的价格还算可以,于是就和3个学生拼车来到了蒙山。 蒙山是山东第二大山,第一自然是泰山。虽说没听说有什么特别美的自然风景,可这次是带着“任务”来的,就尽量按照杂志社稿件的内容拍摄吧。事先也看到了文稿的内容,那就按照文稿按图索骥的拍。但实话说,蒙山的风景相比其他名山而言,确实是不够秀美,这里没有江南山川的秀美,也没有西部山峰的险峻,最主要的是此山水少,自然就缺少了点灵秀之气,这也是我之前去过一次泰山就不再去第二次的原因。我喜欢的山是应该有水的,一直觉得山水应该是相依相存的。虽不是智者,但女人爱水也属于天性吧。蒙山,古称东蒙、东山,为泰沂山脉的一个分支。总面积1125平方公里,其中龟蒙景区为625平方公里,主峰龟蒙顶海拔1156米,因其状如神龟伏卧云端而得名,为山东第二高峰,被誉为“岱宗之亚”。现为国家AAAA级旅游区、国家地质公园、国家森林公园、东方养生长寿圣地、山东省十大最美的地方、十佳山岳旅游区和十佳自驾车旅游区。“孔子登东山而小鲁”中的东山即指龟蒙景区。蒙山我感觉所好之处是比鲁南的峄山树多,虽说也有那种大石块,但森林覆盖率还是很高的,这点在山东的鲁南地区也是很少见的。龟蒙山成为东方养生长寿圣地,故山上以寿为主的内容蛮多的。山神庙,只是大门紧闭,不知看庙的哪里去了。让我想起那个故事:从前有座山,山上有座庙,庙里有个老和尚。。。这让我想起那首《沂蒙山小调》: 人人那个都说哎 沂蒙山好 沂蒙那个山上哎 好风光 青山那个绿水哎 多好看 风吹那个草低哎 见牛羊 高梁那个红来哎 稻花那个香 满担那个 果蛋哎 堆满仓刚还说山东的山少水,这水还真就看到了呢。没想到这里还有个九龙潭。其实这九龙潭就是个水库,春季是枯水期,蓄水量并不大,但给蒙山这个缺水的山带来了灵秀之气,给山下的村民和农田提供了水源,也给我的画面增添了美感。 。。。。。。山间里也有溪流,但确实很小,春季属于干旱期,这水就更少了,可临沂旅游规划者们倒也有招数,把个山间溪流取名情人谷,用了一大堆与情相关联的词语给这里的山水命名,以吸引年轻人来此造访。鸳鸯潭,就是此潭浅了点。洗个鸳鸯浴啥的有点小,呵呵。这里有爱情,也有财气,看你需要什么了。遗憾的是俺这次是独行,来此情人谷行游纯属是“自寻烦恼”,匆匆拍摄完这些景点后立马闪人。月老祠边有个人一直忽悠游人到月老祠拜一拜,我还是没进去,路过,咔嚓一张片子,走人。实话说,这沂蒙山相比较南方的山,这花花开的有点太可怜了。 原以为蒙山不咋高,不会很难爬,没想到这座1000多海拔的山爬起来还真不少费时间。同行的很多人都累得气喘吁吁,我还算好,虽说也很累,但没像他们那样如老牛喘气。蒙山最美的一个景点当属鹰窝岩,因无人攀登而故名。其他地方的所谓景点就太一般般了。可居然在山上看到了一首摩崖诗:具有华山之险,黄山之秀,长白山之翠,乃神山也。也不知是哪位大侠的杰作,真能吹啊,也不怕把山上的大石头给吹跑喽。鹰窝峰是蒙山最美的景观点。该峰丛于深壑峡谷之中拔地而起,直刺苍穹,奇峰东侧绝壁千仞如削,峻岩森森,草木不生;南侧峭壁罅隙,奇松横偃,或倒立下垂,或凌空欲飞,或如蛟蟠龙欲撕云吞日,千姿百态,瑰玮万状。因只有苍鹰盘旋其伴,筑巢其上,而得名“鹰窝峰”。山峰景色奇绝,实乃山水之画屏,天壤之奥区。鹰峰奇观为蒙山十大景观之一,自古就有“不到鹰窝峰,枉为蒙山行”之说。 蒙山最美风景,来2张接片展示一下。 这便是那大忽悠的“诗作”。倒是这天街有那么点点泰山十八盘的感觉,但台阶数可差多了。 这里也来两张接片看看全景。气浴清新之处,来此要多做深呼吸哦,要是夏季雨过天晴那空气会更好,可惜是春季干旱之时,这空气中的负氧离子含量要低好多。群龟探海 该处海拔达千余米,寒冬作用强烈,加上各种裂隙众多,经过千万年的风化、崩解和剥蚀,雕琢成奇峰陡立、怪石嶙峋的景观,特别是在多组裂隙交会的棱角部位,经过长年化学风化作用形成如龟似兽的怪石,因峡谷中常能形成云海、雾海,在云雾的衬托下构成了神龟探海的绝妙景观。龟 蒙 顶 龟蒙顶是蒙山主峰,海拔为1156米,为山东第二高峰,是龟蒙景区的高潮景观区。峰体呈穹窿形,象一只巨大的神龟,伏卧于云端天际,给人以神秘奇幻的感觉。 。。。。。。。。置身龟蒙极顶,俯视周围,万壑流云,烟霞明灭,苍山如海,绿浪滚滚,碧连天际。正如唐代文学家萧颖士在诗中所写:“东蒙镇海沂,合沓百余里”。蒙顶树木葱茏,花草丛生,已逾百年的古松,苍劲挺拔,如龙如虬,如翠盖,如层楼,或偃,或卧,或独干,或连枝,或出山巅,或生石罅。松荫连翠,望之若云。远眺山外田畴,平旷秀丽,浚河、东汶河的一些支流,就像蜿蜒小溪,曲回流淌。再远处,西面的徂徕山,东面的天马岭,南面的抱犊崮,隐隐现出灰色的轮廓,和近山构成一幅美丽的山水画。登上龟蒙顶,云生脚下,天风习习,举目四望,但见群峰葡匐,河流天倾,库水如镜,田园如诗如画,昂头天外,倍感心旷神怡,超凡脱俗。玉皇殿高高的立在龟蒙山顶,想去参拜下玉皇大帝还真不容易。([]
本次全部行程17晚19天,意大利和瑞士2个国家,罗马开始,苏黎世结束,其中意大利部分的行程如下:DAY01 夜宿罗马--DAY02 斗兽场、帕拉迪诺山、古罗马广场、坎皮多里欧广场、威尼斯广场等--DAY03 梵蒂冈博物馆、圣彼得大教堂、圣天使城堡--DAY04 真理之口、纳沃纳广场、花之田野广场、万神殿、许愿池、西班牙广场等--DAY05 佛罗伦萨中央市场、圣母百花大教堂、市政厅广场、老桥、米开朗琪罗广场等--DAY06 五渔村 Cinque Terre一日hiking--DAY07 威尼斯小巷闲逛--DAY08 玻璃岛、彩色岛、圣马可广场、圣马可教堂、傍晚刚朵拉--DAY09 米兰大教堂、艾曼纽埃莱二世大街,出发去瑞士,夜宿Lugano到意大利自由行的想法早就有了,07年第一次出国游的首站就是罗马,正所谓初恋的感觉总是美好的,意大利特别是罗马在我心里有一种特殊的意义,无奈当时是跟团游,虽然是个小团,依然无法逃离旅行团走马观花的无奈,蜻蜓点水般在各个著名景点点了一圈之后就回国了,留下了遗憾也埋下了本次旅行的伏笔。由于lz码子功力比较逊,希望各位看官有点耐心,慢慢等lz更新完毕,照片非常多,工程浩大啊,希望各位看帖之余给点鼓励,在此对给评分的各位一并感谢了!有些文字摘自我朋友以前做的攻略,介绍内容不少来自网友的游记,特此注明。各位的评论有的回的比较慢,也请大家谅解! 从当时在许愿池扔下硬币算起已有6年时间,期间各种事情、各种忙碌,今年做旅行计划的时候,意大利终于进入了我们的攻略中,此外还有跟它接壤的美丽花园瑞士,全部行程17晚19天,其中意大利8晚、瑞士9晚,为了叙述方便,意大利、瑞士行程分2帖分别分享。本来的计划是意大利9晚、瑞士5晚,无奈不靠谱的北京意大利使馆今年对申根白本采取1天只给1个面机会的政策,导致北京意基本成为Mission Impossible!好在可以去瑞士使馆,不过要求在瑞士停留时间最长,于是稍微修改了行程和booking之后,顺利拿下了申根,使馆贴心地给了25天的旅行证,因为离出发还有2个月,机票和意铁也都订到了优惠的价格,考虑在瑞士呆的时间较长,买了8天连续通票(这个全年统一价,没啥优惠了)。一切就绪,只待出发!说意大利(连同梵蒂冈)是神的国度是有原因的,罗马及周边不小的区域在中世纪的相当长一段时间内作为教皇国存在,教皇不但是天主教的领袖,同时也是是作为世俗政权的“国王”,一直到1861年,教皇国的绝大部分领土被并入撒丁王国,即后来的意大利王国。1870年罗马城也被并入意大利,教皇国领土退缩至梵蒂冈。教皇庇护十一世时期,墨索里尼在1929年与教廷枢机主教加斯佩里订拉特兰条约,罗马教廷正式承认教皇国灭亡。所以今天走在罗马街头依然能感受到浓浓的宗教气息,宗教相关的志也是很常见的。 DAY01-法兰克福转机、夜宿罗马一早起来就赶奔首都机场T3航站楼,怕误机提前了3个小时到了机场,2件托运行李将将卡在限重的上限,随后一路顺利的办完通关手续,在国际候机区的必胜客慢悠悠地吃了个早餐,然后来到登机口,发现航班是A380,算是个小惊喜吧,当时在携程抢的特价票,不知道是什么机种,长途飞行还是大飞机比较舒服一点,起码没那么颠簸。这架就是向日葵色板官方要乘的航班。向日葵色板官方是在法兰克福转机到罗马,飞法兰克福将近10个小时,比直飞的13个小时左右还是稍微轻松一些,机上的娱乐设施还是不错的,电影都比较新,足够旅程上看了,整个航程基本就是不断看电影,上饮料、上吃的、上厕所、接着看电影,困了眯一会儿……如此循环,主要看了遗忘战境、After Earth、怪兽大学,然后也就到法兰克福了。 落地后,转机时间只有不到2个小时,还要过一遍安检、入申根的检查,还是挺紧凑的,法兰克福机场设施感觉很一般,有的地方还有异味,路指示也马马虎虎吧,总之在忙忙碌碌的走了很长的距离后,终于办完了所有手续,赶到去罗马的登机口,候机的人群中明显可以看到宗教界人士,一群嬷嬷更是显眼了。飞罗马这班汉莎的广播里有日语,看来意大利是日本人传统的旅游热门地,而且我和老婆也被空乘认成日本人,跟向日葵色板官方用日语打招呼,懒得解释就笑了笑。向日葵色板官方边上坐了一个欧洲大叔,不停地拿着手上的小单反拍这拍那,老哥似乎是个记录控。我掏出攻略先准备一下降落后要办的事情,正在看买机场大巴票时,边上老哥开始跟我聊起来,从大巴票开始,老哥就开始话唠了,用北欧口音的英语聊起他要去的西西里,以及他以前在意大利玩儿过的地方,又聊起他的前女友等等等等,基本上聊着聊着,2小时的飞行就结束了……这老哥叫Gimo(音),是芬兰人,估摸着小50了,依然有文艺青年的情怀,反正我觉得他的心态还是个20岁的人,他一个前女友是意大利人,所以老哥会说一些意大利语,后来老哥在航站楼里问路时候秀了一把他的芬兰式意大利语,貌似还说的不错,本地人都听得懂。落地罗马以后Gimo还是跟向日葵色板官方一路,他也要坐大巴去Termini中央车站,老哥干脆当起了向导,其实向日葵色板官方自己走没问,不过既然他这么热情向日葵色板官方也不好推辞,一边聊一边走。这里也提一下罗马的菲乌米奇诺国际机场,07年来的时候只是觉得设施一般,这次等行李简直可以用痛苦来形容,提取区面积小,设施旧,人多还挺热,很多航班的行李混在一起,转盘上的都是很早之前的行李,转来转去也没人拿,转盘周围挤满了人,个个望眼欲穿。好不容易站到转盘边上,不一会感觉身体被人挤,回头居然是跟我一个航班中的嬷嬷中的一个,基本是最胖的一个,一劲儿挤,为了避免这么不雅的场面,我主动退却了,跑到边上。当我大汗淋漓地挤在行李转盘时,老婆跑去拍一个穿着婚纱到达的的意大利姑娘了,人家还挺配合,主动摆了个Pose。 等了n久终于提到了行李箱,跟着Gimo找到卖机场大巴票的柜台,5欧一张的票还算合理,候车区从大厅走出来路边就是了,这里的环境还真是像国内了,地上烟头不少,还有点脏脏的痕迹。终于呼吸到新鲜空气(不准确,有不少大巴尾气)的Gimo忍不住掏出了烟。 这个角落这是跟国内有一比啊,好在没发现痰,似乎不随地吐痰是老外的底线了。一张合影,不过用超广角镜头把老婆拍胖了…… 从菲乌米契诺机场到中央车站Termini花了将近1个小时,到达Termini时天已经完全黑了,在此跟Gimo要分手了,他和向日葵色板官方定的酒店方向相反,说了一堆感谢的话后,握手分别。因为离定的酒店不是很远,向日葵色板官方决定直接走过去,路过地上坐着黑人的后街时心里还真的有一丝紧张,Termini后面这条街路面不是很平坦,旅行箱的轮子在上面发出挺大的噪音,有时还有上下坡,貌似不远的距离走的向日葵色板官方很疲惫,看看手表已经是当地时间晚上9点40多了(该死的航班延误和超慢的行李提取!),本来计划晚上在酒店附近转转的计划是彻底没戏了,能在10点前感到酒店就阿弥陀佛了。由于订的是B&B,没有24小时的Reception,出发前通过邮件告知了航班号,手机号等信息,但是眼看快10点了,有点担心有没有人等向日葵色板官方,此时lz的手机不知道为什么无法拨通,想给家人报个平安都没成,第二天才好,现在也不知道为什么。离10点还差几分钟时,向日葵色板官方终于看到了酒店的大门,人还没到门口,大门先开了,里面探出一个大胡子光头,向日葵色板官方对视了1秒,老哥先开口了:“Mr. T*** from China?”“Yes。”我这话一出口,老哥深深地输了一口气,一脸如释重负状地招手:“Come in,please。”呵呵,这哥们表情、肢体语言丰富,而且为人极度热情,让客人心生暖意,何况我和老婆还是刚刚经历了将近1天的旅途呢。简单聊了聊,听了这个光头大胡子的Max介绍基本设施和早餐之后,终于可以休息了!这张是临走时拍的,Max绝对是向日葵色板官方此行中遇到的最热情洋溢的店主,大叔灿烂的笑脸让人难以忘怀。 DAY02 古迹大暴走:斗兽场-帕拉迪诺山-古罗马广场-坎皮多里欧广场-图拉真广场-威利斯广场-斗兽场夜景经过一晚的休整,精神终于缓过来了,6点钟开始洗漱,7点20便出发吃早餐。这家B&B的早餐是在街角的一家小Bar供应的,名叫Bar Trani,除了向日葵色板官方俩都是当地人,意大利人的早点很简单,就是站着来杯Espresso,最多再加个点心,比如向日葵色板官方点的蝴蝶酥或者牛角包之类的,老婆要的是橙汁,因为颜色是偏红色的,开始还有疑问,向日葵视频色板APP官网生见我一脸问号又确认了是橙汁。说到这里不得不提门口的一只狗狗,向日葵色板官方在罗马住了4晚,吃了4次早餐,只有最后一天没有碰到这只狗狗,意大利的街边不少地方都有栓狗的地方,狗狗也都很懂事地呆在原地等主人。吃着早餐看着狗,应该是对望吧,也许这里平时游客不多,它有点好奇。 不到8点到达了地铁A线的Emmanuelle二世站,入口很好找,自动售票机选择英语之后非常好看懂,投币,选择票数就OK了,跟国内的自动售票机没啥区别,票价单程的就很合算(除了比全球无敌低的北京地铁票价比高以外)票90分钟内有效,出站就失效了。由于当天是周日,地铁里人很少,轻松愉快地到了Closseo站,出了站迎面就是斗兽场了。说到此处又想到07年万恶的跟团游啊,当时跟着导游也是从这里出站,只给了20分钟照相时间,进斗兽场里面是想也别想,外面照相都紧赶慢赶,顶着头顶的乌云匆匆捏了2张准到此一游照,满是遗憾地走了,电脑里现在还存着那时满脸愁容的旧照,那时就想我迟早还会来一趟,如今实现了。下图是意大利特色涂鸦地铁…… Closseo B口出来就有饮水口,可以直接饮用。罗马及意大利很多地方都提供这样的设施,有的出水口还挺有特点。 Closseo斗兽场是830开放,8点刚过就有几十米的队排在门口了,人虽然不少但很有秩序,连大声说话的都没有,基本上从上了飞机开始生活就进入了低音量模式,后面到了瑞士就更加地明显。买斗兽场(Closseo)+帕拉迪诺山(Palatino)+古罗马广场(Foro Romano)的联票才12欧元,3个景点足足够逛一天的,合不到100人民币,相比之下,国内某些人满为患景点打票价就过于坑爹了!刚开始旅程心情激动,相机头几张都放在M档没调回来,后来发现统统过曝,后期修修算是挽救一下吧。加一张晚上同地点的对比,因为懒得抗三脚架,所以在地铁出口处一个类似配电箱的地方摆拍的,这招以后用到了了不少地方的夜景拍摄,统统没用三脚架,至于构图不理想的,都是回来以后后期剪裁的。拿着票开始游览,票要保存好,后面到帕拉迪诺山和古罗马广场还都要用到。上到二层,里面有个君士坦丁大帝的主展,随便转了转,拍了几张就冲到看台去了。 这个是古罗马时代的马赛克画 斗兽场屹立了2000年,不得不佩服古罗马工程师的伟大,混凝土就是罗马人发明的。讽刺的是对斗兽场破坏最大的不是所谓的野蛮人,而是罗马人自己。据说在中世纪时,斗兽场的石料不断被拆走当做其他建筑的建材。 斗兽场看着很雄伟,不过转来转去基本都差不多,随着时间的推移,进来的游客也是越来越多,想找个人少的地方拍照也越发困难起来。作为世界最著名的旅游圣地之一,罗马常年都是游客如织,旅游旺季就更是如此,好在向日葵色板官方是来自世界人口密度最高的国度,挤过北京上海的地铁,经历过各种人潮人海的洗礼,所以非常适应,何况人家这里秩序还是不错的,基本没见过插队,抢行等行为。 基本上罗马的古迹都会跟天主教发生联系,万神殿就是因为改成教堂早而保留的最好,斗兽场里也有宗教的印记,比如这个大大的十字架和外立面上的识。到过罗马的同志们都知道,真是白天看庙晚上睡觉,在街上逛着逛着就一个教堂,最常见的物件就是十字架、圣母像、天使、教皇的识这类的。不能免俗,照几张留念照吧:) 整个斗兽场有不少零星的残件,动辄1、2千年的年头,历史沧桑感迎面扑来有没有,同是文明古国,我国的很多东西都只存在于史书或者传说中了,“土木”建筑嘛,保存期有限那,没法和爱用石头的古罗马比…… 气势恢宏,尽管已是残骸。 外面逛烦了,又回到建筑里,看展览的游客明显多了起来,主要是模型和一些小的实物,有时间的可以仔细看看,英文介绍还是很详细的。这个模型做的还是不错的,罗马保留的凯旋门还是不少,联票的经典就能看3座,唯一遗憾的是君士坦丁凯旋门在维修+_+,随着旅程的前进,发现很多经典在维修=_=,脚手架成了向日葵色板官方照片中的常客…… 全盛时期的罗马帝国疆域。 出来没多久就被烈日晒脱水了,当天气温高达35度,猛烈的阳光不经遮挡直射下来。撑不住了,只好在黑心的景区摊买了冰饮料,这瓶价格高达4欧的佳得乐真是金贵了,其实同样的东西在罗马超市里才1欧。 晃了2个多小时,和老婆商量后决定去下一站,古罗马权贵的别墅区帕拉迪诺山。维修中的君士坦丁凯旋门…… 回头再看一眼雄伟的建筑 在路上常常能看到骑行的队伍,今天就看到2次,在这样的蓝天和空气质量下尽情运动,对国人来说真是奢侈品…… 沿着君士坦丁凯旋门那条大路,跟着人流很快就到了帕拉迪诺山的入口,这3个景点联票设置的很科学,一个接一个,出口接入口(帕拉迪诺山入口稍微远一点),以前看到有驴友没找到帕拉迪诺山的入口,可能是没好好看地图吧。 进了入口,老婆和我已经累的坐下了,当天35度左右的温度,罗马无污染的空气使阳光显得格外猛烈,没抹防晒的lz夫妇被晒的皮肤发红,感觉这种日照已经赶上马尔代夫的阳光了。 拱形建筑的遗迹 随处可见的意大利特色松树。([]
Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享,俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦,俺先来个免责声明:1。杨同学不认识俺,也没有授权俺,如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止;2。俺没有商业目的,译版版权归杨同学,俺啥也不要,也不承担法律责任;3。没有杨同学授权,不敢擅自发在国外网站,发在原帖处,荣誉归8264;4。俺英语水平有限,欢迎指正,欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分,不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦,希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子,原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co, where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the locations of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30), 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evalsuate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
本贴是小编在8264的处女贴,因为是个“生态学家”,所以必然先为大家介绍奇特的物种。小编酷爱野生动物,自然环境,以及相关的户外活动。曾亲身考察了各个洲的部分区域,将会以图文并茂的方式提供给大家不同当地物种与环境的知识,分享小编的个人经历。希望大家积极参与国外户外活动。如有不明处请不要犹豫询问小编,小编必定知无不言言无不尽。本帖主:山地大猩猩 Mountain Gorilla活动地点:东非 (Uganda乌干达,Rwanda卢旺达)主要景点:布温迪不可穿越的森林国家公园 (乌干达)Bwindi Impenetrable National Park https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1821265-pid-33537862.html 维龙加火山国家公园 (卢旺达)Virunga Volcanic National Park https//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1821265-pid-33547215.html附加景点 伊丽莎白国家公园 (乌干达) Elizabeth National Parkhttps//bbs.8264.com/forum-redirect-goto-findpost-ptid-1821265-pid-33494840.html维龙加山地形图,山脉横跨乌干达,卢旺达与刚果。直奔主吧,非洲“山地大猩猩”保守估计少于1000只,属于严重濒危物种(严重程度超过大熊猫与江豚)。分布在乌干达,卢旺达与刚果的国家公园境内,属纯野生动物。银背:一个家族的首领,当仁不让的保护者。 雄性在成年后,背部会长出银灰色的毛,身高大约在1.8米,体重200公斤,臂长2.3米,十分了得。 后背毛发短,手臂毛发长而茂密。小编不敢亲身体验他的力道,所以无从估计,实在抱歉!不过听公园管理员说,10个美式橄榄球运动员也不能抗衡一只银背. 看到向日葵色板官方一行人后,自觉提醒家族成员,是一位首领的任务。 行注目礼立刻抱起并保护幼崽。来几张局部特写 (虽然爬了5个小时的山,但是扛着大白镜头是完全正确的)看到向日葵色板官方并无敌意,开始悠哉的打盹了。 (估计是刚刚吃饱) 大猩猩咬力惊人,遇到敌人时一定会撕咬对方。哥们你是不是改减减肥了,看你腰间那游泳圈!呵,“沉思者”你这还玩起造型来了? 看到向日葵色板官方一行人不停围着族群走动拍照,显得有些不耐烦了,开始咆哮! (其实也就是打个哈气)仔细看上去,银背还是很帅的。雌性:哺育家族下一代的呵护者。体重几乎为雄性的一半:100公斤,身高1.3米,胸前有傲人的双峰,头部也比雄性小很多,容易区别。小编一行人里的妹子们! 你们看人家多么汹涌澎湃!幼崽在母亲的怀里很安逸。特写: “你在想什么呢”?“小宝宝与妈妈” 这伟大的一刻让我抓拍下来了! 向日葵色板官方这使劲的拍,你就不能关照一下吗? 就知道睡!你表情那么凝重干嘛?雌性局部特写未完待续,还有幼崽,家族结构,国家公园风景,其他大草原上的动物的介绍,以及全部东非生态游的行程慨括。幼崽:活泼可爱,却命运不定的嬉戏者。猩猩幼崽喜爱玩耍,经常爬树,与其他幼崽摔跤,打闹,游戏。这样有助于他们的成长与学习,必要时成年雄性与雌性也会参加到游戏当中。爸爸说:“喂,你过去跟这帮人类打个招呼,注意点啊。”小家伙爬到离向日葵色板官方差不多2米的距离是,我旁边的小妹估计是有点害怕,站起身来要往后退。 当时银背就立起来了,我那个汗啊! 预感要出事了,公园巡逻员立刻按住小妹让她蹲下,才避免了悲剧发生。还知道找妈妈要东西吃!幼年的猩猩活动量非常大,几乎没有闲着的时候,扒高上低让向日葵色板官方很难抓拍。算了,直接上嘴咬吧。小编一开始为什么说幼崽的命运是不定的呢? 这就要从大猩猩的族群制度开始讲起了,首先一个族群只能有一个领头银背,4-7个左右的成年雌性,3-5个成年雄性 (也可能是首领银背的兄弟或儿子),其他为4岁以下的幼年猩猩。大猩猩没有领地性,哪里有实物就去哪里。偶尔遇到豹子之类的掠食者,银背会挺身而出,但是惧怕变色龙与鳄鱼等爬行类动物。当遇到另一个族群时,如果出现矛盾,银背会开始攻击对方的首领,直到死亡。当一个族群没有首领时,幼年的猩猩就会被新首领杀死,以保证自己与后代以后不受威胁,生物上称这种现象为 infanticide (杀婴)。 聊完山地大猩猩,那么开始介绍这一趟旅行的过程。向日葵色板官方做的是埃塞俄比亚航公公司的班级,大家也可以选择肯尼亚航空,这一点不详细介绍了。DAY 1: 乌干达首都: 坎帕拉。 听向导RICHARD 讲,坎帕拉有五个丘陵,分别成为一个镇区,当地的人民虽然在城里长大但是都有自己所属的部族。向日葵色板官方外国人当然分不清啦!也学了几句Swahili,但是现在全忘了。整个城区就是一个字,乱。毕竟经济不发达,而且自从1962年独立后也饱受国家民族内战,希望以后会慢慢好起来。以为独立之前是英殖民,所以公路上也是左行,偶尔能看见基座高楼,十字路口也会有白衣警察。80%多人都信奉基督,具体是天主教还是新教没有多问,也有伊斯兰教徒。在坎帕拉其中一个山丘俯瞰城区市里的清真寺([]
在美国很多旅行社都可以报团参加豪华邮轮的旅行,价格和时间是成正比的,如果想游览南极,要报30天以上的团,而且有一定的季节限制。我只是单纯的想去南极,就只能冬天去,先到的洛杉矶,报团从圣地亚哥走,两个城市相距不远,乘车大概两个多小时。第一天的下午提前两个多小时登船,大概五点左右搭乘的阿姆斯特丹号邮轮(AMSTERDAM)缓缓驶出太平洋的美国南部城市圣地亚哥(San Diege)港口,从此我开始了42天的海上漂流生活。人们在甲板上、在赌场里、在歌剧院、在泳池中、在图书馆、在球场上、在歌舞厅、在卧仓里-----度过了第一个夜晚。 阿姆斯特丹号驶离了美国的圣地亚哥港口,围着墨西哥西部的加利福尼亚湾,在太平洋水域中一直南行了40个小时后,终于到达了加尼福尼亚半岛的最南端,这里是此次航行的第一个停靠港。此处是一个小镇——Cabo San Lucas(洛斯卡波斯)。根据当地人的介绍,这是一个旅游开发区,此地居住了许多来自美国和加拿大的名人、有钱人,这里的房价自然就十分昂贵了。 北美人把这里视为度假圣地,也是美国太平洋海军娱乐的天堂,真的如同电影里演的一样。随着夜幕的来临,这里的Night Live准时开场,大约凌晨3点钟之后,那些“滥情”于酒吧里的男男女女们,脱下身上本来就很少的衣服,一丝不挂地互相向对方的身上涂抹cream、互相拥抱、相互亲吻~~~~~~~ 沿海的风光还是和加州的不太一样,有一些当地特色,有个名为情人海滩,估计是世界少有的浪漫去处,许多男女一到这里就双双踏浪前往海滩去享受情人海的洗礼------我,没有情人,刚失恋心情比较沉重,也无心那情人间的浪漫,仿佛这里的一切和我无关似得。一个人慢步于小镇里,享受着墨西哥特有的太平洋风情。 来到海港当然少不了海鲜大餐喽,小镇的海鲜餐馆廉物美,一个人15刀可以饱餐一顿。包括大虾、章鱼、螃蟹和各种叫不清名字的贝类等海鲜大餐。这里有好多高级大酒店,每晚的价钱从200到6000美元不等,还有几个很象样的高尔夫球场,据说也是价格不菲。还是加拿大地大,打高尔夫球也便宜。 我临时充当两个中国摄影协会朋友的翻译,去海岛边上拍些照片,每人花5美元乘小船从停靠在码头的那数百艘游艇穿过,十分钟就到了拍摄点,那是一群巨大的礁石,是墨西哥沿太平洋地性风光。这如果在中国又该被开发成婚纱照的拍摄地了。挺专业人事说,如果lucky遇上好光,在这里能拍到不错的图片,但是向日葵色板官方没有那么幸运,没有拍到什么。 下午5点回到邮轮,6点起航,阿姆斯特丹号继续南行。 继续上片。和两位专业摄影人士取景,见识到了他们的专业。当船靠岸的那一刻,心里有种莫名的兴奋,本人晕船,接下来的几十天很难熬。 当船靠岸的那一刻,心里有种莫名的兴奋,本人晕船,接下来的几十天很难熬。 早上7点,邮轮准时停靠在墨西哥的Acapulco港口,这里算是墨西哥的一个大城市了,但看起来很落后,脏脏乱乱的,估计和中国90年代初的一些县城差不多吧。这里没有什么人文景观,游客们多数去参加一些水上运动。下午四点回到船上,5点邮轮起锚继续南行。 早上邮轮又靠上了墨西哥南部的一个乡镇港口Huatulco,这里人少比昨天那个城市好玩,向日葵色板官方一行7人有5人决定租船到附近的海域小鱼村采风。80美元包了一条小船用一天三个人陪游,小船在太平洋上行驶了三个半小时到了我们要去的渔村,一路几十公里向日葵色板官方看到了“飞鱼”,海鸟和许多漂亮的礁石。在渔村美丽的海滩上,向日葵色板官方下海泡了两个小时,在这里的海底可以轻易看到很多各色的海鱼和珊瑚礁。午饭就在渔村的墨西哥一老百姓家里准备的,虽然全是最新鲜的海味,但这些天吃的有点腻味了。下午向日葵色板官方按时返港,下午5点邮轮启航继续向南。回复 平安福 的帖子会慢慢往上加的,照片好多,太懒得整理啦回复 平安福 的帖子您问的那个“飞鱼”,貌似是什么蝙蝠鱼,是Ogcocephalidae的一种吧,据说墨西哥湾盛产这种鱼。 Puerto Chiapas是向日葵色板官方在墨西哥境内的最后一个停靠港,这里因民族特色和玛雅文化而闻名。我们的邮轮是临晨靠岸的,当向日葵色板官方走下旋梯时已经是上午9点了,这里的天气已经让人感到了几分的炎热。今天还是照旧7个人合租一辆车,开出码头管制区大约一个小时,向日葵色板官方首先到了一处玛雅文化遗址,然后就是去这个城市的中心,这里的市容和墨西哥的很多城市相仿,满街的西班牙式建筑,天主教堂,石头马路。只是感觉这里的市民格外能歌善舞,街头舞者随处可见。在市中心的小广场中间还有一个小舞台,老百姓可以尽情地上台一展自已的舞姿。这让我想起了家里大广场,很多人跳的那种健身Disco,嘿嘿!回复 chen201111 的帖子多谢支持,就是摄影技术菜了点,嘿嘿~~ 危地马拉据说是加勒比海比较富裕的国家,西临太平洋,东临加勒比海。时间紧迫,片刻也不敢耽误,赶紧包车离港,无心理睬晕船的不适。 哥斯达黎加,中美洲沿太平洋最富有的国家,哥斯达黎加国土面积不大,人口也只有400万其中有大约5万中国人。向日葵色板官方在这个国家的一日游从早上开始,还是老办法包一辆车去所以能去的地方。 哥斯达黎加说是有火山、热带雨林、首都游览,其实没有什么可玩的地方。最后大家选择了去火山口看活火山,我知道大白天去看那山上冒出的一股股的烟气,其实没有什么意思,但是仅有9个小时的时间,实在没有其它选择,到了火山口果然更加失望,海拔2700多米的山上下着大雨,俯视下面的火山口,是白茫茫一片什么也看不见。大家扫兴而归,最后只好在海边溜达了一会,5点钟回船。巴拿马,277万人口,华人约占5%。今天已经是第八天了,早晨邮轮抵达巴拿马,巴拿马城在海平面的尽头升起,早晨天气不是太好,但是仍有一缕缕阳光时而洒落向巴拿马城的高楼大厦,在巴拿马城外的太平洋海域里停满了抛锚等待的大小船只,估计这些都是等待时间越过巴拿马运河进入加勒比海的船。向日葵色板官方的邮轮不去加勒比海,所以就在里巴拿马城不远的海边抛锚,上午9点向日葵色板官方登上救生艇离开邮轮,来到了巴拿马城。向日葵色板官方先到了一个当地的公园,当地华人叫这里“小巴拿马”,这里保留着西班牙人到来之后的最初的西人建筑,包括当年的邮局、小教堂。这处建筑群的旁边有几间树叶搭建的茅草屋,说这是当地土著人的房子,据说在这个国家的东北部,至今还有不少土著人居住在这样的房子里,他们几乎不穿衣服仍然过着十分原始的生活。当地华人朋友告诉向日葵色板官方,这个国家比较腐败很多事没有什么原则,往往有钱就能办通许多事,向日葵色板官方的车在一处作临时停靠,警察过来说这里不可以停车,当地的那位车主告诉我,其实如果给这个警察几块钱,就可以停了。巴拿马的社会治安不是太好,有些地区游客最好不要进入。巴拿马运河的通过费用是这个国家财政收入的重要来源,巴拿马政府收回运河管理权之后,巴拿马的城市建设和国力的发展都有了明显的提高。据说巴拿马没有自已的货币,全部使用美元,一位华人朋友跟我说,巴拿马和美国的关系很好,就象美国的儿子,只要这个国家的总统说一声,美国的军队在几小时内就可以开到巴拿马。巴拿马城的夜生活是闻名于世的,但是这个城市很乱,再加上下雨向日葵色板官方没有在这里耽搁太久,下午在暴雨中向日葵色板官方参观了巴拿马运河之后就回船了。 这里的天气很闷热。巴拿马运河位于美洲大陆中部,纵贯巴拿马地峡,是一条沟通太平洋和大西洋的船闸式运河。运河全长81.3公里,最窄处为152米,最宽处为304米。从运河中线分别向两侧延伸16.09公里所包括的地带,为巴拿马运河区,总面积为1432平方公里。 根据《巴拿马运河条约》,美国以一次付给1000万美元、9年后每年再付租金25万美元的代价,从而取得开凿运河和“永久使用、占领和控制”运河和运河区的权利。回复 小囡子刘满 的帖子一个人出行或许会觉得孤单些,但所到之处的美景会带来不一样的心情,不过还是喜欢多些人玩,嘿嘿回复 头线 的帖子玩了42天,机票、邮轮加旅行过程中一些乱七八糟的开销总共一万美金,一般能到南极洲,这个价钱还挺划算的,行程不要赶到圣诞节,不然会多出很多开销。一年的9月份到来年的3月份都有这种30天以上的团,可以多玩几个国家。回复 公园赛道之王 的帖子算是奖励自己的毕业旅行,最后一次长假期,嘿嘿。回复 也夜笙歌 的帖子这是42天的团,机票、邮轮加旅行过程中一些乱七八糟的开销总共一万美金。我是在这个网站订的航线https//www.cruise.com/(不是做广告啊),一般9月份以后才有好的团,现在不是季节。这是从美国出发的团,首先得有美国证,看你报什么团,去哪些国家,是否需要证,是在报团的时候问清楚。其实坐邮轮玩,每到一个地方停留的时间有限,出了指定的活动范围,每个国家的政策也不一样,但基本上都可以落地。回复 玻璃鱼沐尔 的帖子是以前的老机子了,佳能EOS 5D和佳能EOS-1Ds Mark II。回复 老辛 的帖子整理照片好头大,我又太懒,每个地方先挑出几张给大家看看,陆续把行程介绍完,以后慢慢尽量多贴图。 一路向南航行了三天,大家在船上的生活也挺丰富,我在图书馆借阅了斯蒂芬妮·梅尔的《暮光之城》,当时这个故事还没有搬上大屏幕,似乎还是当年的禁书,平日里就喜欢看吸血鬼的故事,爱不释手了三天,中间也忘了晕船的事,嘿嘿。凌晨到达了厄瓜多尔,这个国家原本属于哥伦比亚,后来被独立,光看两个国家的国旗就很相似,只是多了只鹰。这个国家是著名的“赤道之国”,国土面积被赤道分为两部分,虽然接近赤道,但由于地处高原,气候还是比较凉爽的。首府基多原本主要为基维多部族人居住,曾被称为“基维多”,后被西班牙殖民者简化为“基多”。在基多城北24公里、海拔2400米高山上的赤道0°所在地矗立着一座赤道纪念碑。这座赤道纪念碑高30米,碑身为方柱形花岗石,四周镌刻着曾到此进行科学考察的科学家的名字。来这里参观的游客们都喜欢在石阶上,两脚平踏在白线两边,摄影留念,以显示自己是脚踏两半球的人。并且到这里游览的人们还可以得到管理部门发的一张证明书,证明其某年某月某日曾到南北半球的分界线一游。我和几个游客在赤道分界线玩起了竖钉子的游戏,由于地球南北极磁场的互相吸引,在赤道线上可以竖起很尖细的东西。据同行的朋友介绍,这个国家好玩的地方很多,而且有丰富的美食还很便宜。生活成本低且气温宜人让这个国家曾称为“全球最佳养老地”。有机会希望可以深度游玩。 一路向南航行了三天,大家在船上的生活也挺丰富,我在图书馆借阅了斯蒂芬妮·梅尔的《暮光之城》,当时这个故事还没有搬上大屏幕,似乎还是当年的禁书,平日里就喜欢看吸血鬼的故事,爱不释手了三天,中间也忘了晕船的事,嘿嘿。凌晨到达了厄瓜多尔,这个国家原本属于哥伦比亚,后来被独立,光看两个国家的国旗就很相似,只是多了只鹰。这个国家是著名的“赤道之国”,国土面积被赤道分为两部分,虽然接近赤道,但由于地处高原,气候还是比较凉爽的。首府基多原本主要为基维多部族人居住,曾被称为“基维多”,后被西班牙殖民者简化为“基多”。在基多城北24公里、海拔2400米高山上的赤道0°所在地矗立着一座赤道纪念碑。这座赤道纪念碑高30米,碑身为方柱形花岗石,四周镌刻着曾到此进行科学考察的科学家的名字。来这里参观的游客们都喜欢在石阶上,两脚平踏在白线两边,摄影留念,以显示自己是脚踏两半球的人。并且到这里游览的人们还可以得到管理部门发的一张证明书,证明其某年某月某日曾到南北半球的分界线一游。我和几个游客在赤道分界线玩起了竖钉子的游戏,由于地球南北极磁场的互相吸引,在赤道线上可以竖起很尖细的东西。据同行的朋友介绍,这个国家好玩的地方很多,而且有丰富的美食还很便宜。生活成本低且气温宜人让这个国家曾称为“全球最佳养老地”。有机会希望可以深度游玩。回复 妞妞她爸 的帖子夸张了,当时去的时候就是一刚毕业的穷学生,哈哈。回复 头线 的帖子这个团是从美国的圣地亚哥出发,首先得有美,别的国家好多都可以落地,另外船每行驶一处靠岸有限制时间和活动范围,也跑不远。回复 平邑天宝 的帖子加勒比海地区的女人还是很美的,我拍的小女孩多了点,成年女性身材很棒,脸蛋也很妖娆回复 游者无疆 的帖子大家一起分享,互相学习,嘿嘿~~回复 游者无疆 的帖子大家一起分享,互相学习,嘿嘿~~回复 东东来也 的帖子去之前报的,就是之前提到的那个网站。(
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